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An automatic screwdriver machine is an automation device that uses motors, position sensors, and other components to feed screws, align them with the hole, and drive them to the specified torque. It then verifies the tightening result with the help of torque testers and position sensors. According to coordinate configuration, these machines are classified into Cartesian, spherical, cylindrical, and other formats. Among them, the three-axis Cartesian model is the most mature and widely adopted—especially for small screws in products such as computers, keyboards, and mobile phones.

Why a Three-Axis Cartesian Design?

• Proven technology with decades of development.

• Straight-line motion simplifies programming and guarantees accurate control of each station.

• Compact footprint and low interference allow high-speed operation with minimal downtime.

Axis Functions

The machine uses a Cartesian coordinate system (X, Y, Z) driven by servo motors and guided by precision linear rails and sliders to ensure repeatability.

• X-Axis (horizontal)
  ? Driven by an X-axis servo motor.
  ? Moves the Z-axis carriage left and right.
  ? Together with the Z-axis, it positions the screwdriver bit above the screw pickup point and then above the target hole.

• Y-Axis (vertical)
  ? Moves the work-piece platform up and down, bringing the part to the correct height.

• Z-Axis (vertical)
  ? Mounted on the X-axis carriage.
  ? A bi-directional adjustable cylinder on the Z-axis slide moves the screwdriver bit up and down.
  ? A buffer spring absorbs impact when the bit contacts the screw, preventing damage if the hole is slightly misaligned.

In short, the X-axis is the horizontal “arm” that carries the screwdriver bit from the screw supply location to the exact hole location, working in concert with the Z-axis to complete the pick-and-drive cycle quickly and accurately.